his mother Zita of Bourbon-Parma (a great-granddaughter of Maria Teresa of Savoy, Duchess of Lucca and Parma, who was a daughter of Maria Teresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Sardinia, who in turn was a daughter of Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este and Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este, Duchess and Duke of Breisgau and Modena), Robert was a descendant of Ercole III d'Este, and the blood of last Este dukes thus joined again with the name Austria-Este.
Today, the bearer of this tradition is the eldest son of Archduke Robert of Austria-Este (1915–1996), Lorenz Otto Charles of Austria-Este (b. 1955), who is married to Princess Astrid of Belgium, the only daughter of King Albert II. In 1995, Lorenz received the additional title of Prince of Belgium.
Since 1991 the couple's children are titled :
International format : Princes(ss) of Belgium, Archduke (Archduchess) of Austria-Este, Prince(ss) Imperial of Austria, Prince(ss) Royal of Hungary and Bohemia .
Belgian format : Princes(ss) of Belgium, Archduke (Archduchess) of Austria-Este (Habsbourg-Lorraine)
The eldest of their children is Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este (b. 1986).
Bavette are also available, and are thinner than tagliatelle; an even thinner version is bavettine.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 Origins
2 Texture and serving suggestions
3 See also
4 References
Origins[edit]
Legend has it that tagliatelle was created by a talented court chef, who was inspired by Lucrezia d'Este's hairdo on the occasion of her marriage to Annibale II Bentivoglio, in 1487. In reality, this was a joke invented by humorist Augusto Majani in 1931.
The recipe was called tagliolini di pasta e sugo, alla maniera di Zafiran (tagliolini of pasta and sauce in the manner of Zafiran) and it was served on silver plates.[2] Over the years, tagliatelle has become considered a more common food.
A glass case in the Bologna Chamber of Commerce holds a solid gold replica of a piece of tagliatelle, demonstrating the correct dimensions of 1 millimetre by 6 millimetres.[3]
Texture and serving suggestions[edit]
Since tagliatelle are generally made as fresh pasta, the texture is porous and rough, making it ideal for thick sauces, generally made with beef, veal, or pork, and occasionally with rabbit, as well as several other less rich (and more vegetarian) options; such as briciole e noci (with breadcrumbs and nuts), uovo e formaggio (with eggs and cheese—a less rich carbonara), or simply pomodoro e basilico (with tomatoes and basil).
Author abbreviation (botany) Mattioli
Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (Matthiolus) (Italian: [ˈ
Sunday, December 15, 2013
bers under private law. IHK Munich, the biggest German chamber of commerce, has 350,000 member companies.[14] Germany also has compulsory chambers for "free occupations" such as architects, dentists, engineers, lawyers, notaries, physicians and pharmacists. Continental/private law chambers[edit] Under the private model, which exists in English-speaking countries like USA, Canada or the UK, but as well in Sweden
lds by the state which they exercise in order management. The chambers also have a consultative function; this means the chambers must be consulted whenever a new law related to industry or commerce is proposed.[13]
In Germany, the chambers of commerce and industry (IHK - Industrie- und Handelskammer) and the chambers of skilled crafts (HwK - Handwerkskammer) are public statutory bodies with self-administration under the inspectorate of the state ministry of economy. Enterprises are members by law according to the chamber act (IHK-Gesetz) of 1956. Because of this, such chambers are much bigger than chambers under private law. IHK Munich, the biggest German chamber of commerce, has 350,000 member companies.[14] Germany also has compulsory chambers for "free occupations" such as architects, dentists, engineers, lawyers, notaries, physicians and pharmacists.
Continental/private law chambers[edit]
Under the private model, which exists in English-speaking countries like USA, Canada or the UK, but as well in Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark, companies are not obligated to become chamber members. However, companies often become members to develop their business contacts and, regarding the local chambers (the most common level of organization), to demonstrate a commitment to the local economy. Though governments are not required to consult chambers on proposed laws, the chambers are often contacted given their local influence and membership numbers.
Multilateral chambers[edit]
A multilateral chamber is formed of companies (and sometimes individuals) from different countries with a common business interest towards or in a specific country. It can further be active in representing the interests of local and foreign investors in that specific country, achieved through promotion and proactivity regarding the general business environment. Multilateral chambers of commerce are independent entities strengthening business relations and interactions between all economic players, and their members may benefit from a broad range of activities that enhance the visibility and reputation of their business.ing of Bavaria. The present head of this branch of the family is Franz, Duke of Bavaria.
However, Francis V had decided to retain the Este name in the Habsburg family and willed his inheritance to the line of Archduke Charles Louis, younger brother of Emperor Francis Joseph, on condition that the heir use the name Austria-Este. The first "adoptee" was Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (b. 1863, not descended from Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este), who took the name Austria-Este and in 1896 became the heir presumptive of the Habsburg Empire, but was murdered on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo.
Arms of the Dukes of Austria-Este as borne by Archduke Franz Ferdinand during his lifetime.
Since his own children were born in morganatic marriage (Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg), the Habsburgs designated his soon-to-be born great-nephew Robert (b. 8 February 1915), second son of the future emperor Charles, as the next "adopted Austria-Este". Through
In Germany, the chambers of commerce and industry (IHK - Industrie- und Handelskammer) and the chambers of skilled crafts (HwK - Handwerkskammer) are public statutory bodies with self-administration under the inspectorate of the state ministry of economy. Enterprises are members by law according to the chamber act (IHK-Gesetz) of 1956. Because of this, such chambers are much bigger than chambers under private law. IHK Munich, the biggest German chamber of commerce, has 350,000 member companies.[14] Germany also has compulsory chambers for "free occupations" such as architects, dentists, engineers, lawyers, notaries, physicians and pharmacists.
Continental/private law chambers[edit]
Under the private model, which exists in English-speaking countries like USA, Canada or the UK, but as well in Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark, companies are not obligated to become chamber members. However, companies often become members to develop their business contacts and, regarding the local chambers (the most common level of organization), to demonstrate a commitment to the local economy. Though governments are not required to consult chambers on proposed laws, the chambers are often contacted given their local influence and membership numbers.
Multilateral chambers[edit]
A multilateral chamber is formed of companies (and sometimes individuals) from different countries with a common business interest towards or in a specific country. It can further be active in representing the interests of local and foreign investors in that specific country, achieved through promotion and proactivity regarding the general business environment. Multilateral chambers of commerce are independent entities strengthening business relations and interactions between all economic players, and their members may benefit from a broad range of activities that enhance the visibility and reputation of their business.ing of Bavaria. The present head of this branch of the family is Franz, Duke of Bavaria.
However, Francis V had decided to retain the Este name in the Habsburg family and willed his inheritance to the line of Archduke Charles Louis, younger brother of Emperor Francis Joseph, on condition that the heir use the name Austria-Este. The first "adoptee" was Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (b. 1863, not descended from Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este), who took the name Austria-Este and in 1896 became the heir presumptive of the Habsburg Empire, but was murdered on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo.
Arms of the Dukes of Austria-Este as borne by Archduke Franz Ferdinand during his lifetime.
Since his own children were born in morganatic marriage (Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg), the Habsburgs designated his soon-to-be born great-nephew Robert (b. 8 February 1915), second son of the future emperor Charles, as the next "adopted Austria-Este". Through
ntains enough of the allergy-causing proteins to cause reactions.[44] It is a good source of Vitamin A equivalent. Butter may play a useful role in dieting by providing satiety. A small amount added to low fat foods such as vegetables may war
es which are specific to certain cultures. For instance, in North America, applying butter to the handle of a door is a common prank on April Fools' Day.
Nutritional information[edit]
As butter is essentially just the milk fat, it contains only traces of lactose, so moderate consumption of butter is not a problem for the lactose intolerant.[43] People with milk allergies may still need to avoid butter, which contains enough of the allergy-causing proteins to cause reactions.[44]
It is a good source of Vitamin A equivalent.
Butter may play a useful role in dieting by providing satiety. A small amount added to low fat foods such as vegetables may ward off feelings of hunger.[45]re:
Hot
Main ingredient(s):
eggs, bacon, black pepper, grated cheese
Variations:
(US) peas, mushrooms, or other vegetables, cream
Recipes at Wikibooks:
Cookbook Carbonara
Media at Wikimedia Commons:
Wikimedia Commons Carbonara
Carbonara is an Italian pasta dish from Latium,[1] and more specifically to Rome,[2] based on eggs, cheese (Pecorino Romano or Parmigiano-Reggiano),[1] bacon (guanciale or pancetta), and black pepper. Spaghetti is usually used as the pasta, however, fettuccine, rigatoni, or bucatini can also be used. The dish was created in the middle of the 20th century.[3]
The pork is cooked in fat, which may be olive oil, lard, or less frequently butter.[4] The hot pasta is combined with a mixture of raw eggs, cheese, and a fat (butter, olive oil, or cream)[2] away from additional direct heat to avoid coagulating the egg, either in the pasta pot or in a serving dish. The eggs should create a creamy sauce, and not curdle.[1][3][4][5] Guanciale is the most commonly used meat in Italy, but pancetta[6][7] and local bacon are also used.[8][9] Versions of this recipe may differ in how the egg is added: some people use the whole egg, while other people use only the yolk; intermediate versions with some whole eggs and some yolk[10] are also possible.
Cream is not common in Italian recipes, but is often used elsewhere.[8][9][11][12] Garlic is similarly found mostly outside Italy.[4]
Other variations on carbonara outside Italy may include peas, broccoli, mushrooms, or other vegetables.[11] Many of these preparations have more sauce than the Italian versions.[13] As with many other dishes, ersatz versionsdevelopment, and general services to their members. The chambers were given responsibilities of public administration in various fie
Nutritional information[edit]
As butter is essentially just the milk fat, it contains only traces of lactose, so moderate consumption of butter is not a problem for the lactose intolerant.[43] People with milk allergies may still need to avoid butter, which contains enough of the allergy-causing proteins to cause reactions.[44]
It is a good source of Vitamin A equivalent.
Butter may play a useful role in dieting by providing satiety. A small amount added to low fat foods such as vegetables may ward off feelings of hunger.[45]re:
Hot
Main ingredient(s):
eggs, bacon, black pepper, grated cheese
Variations:
(US) peas, mushrooms, or other vegetables, cream
Recipes at Wikibooks:
Cookbook Carbonara
Media at Wikimedia Commons:
Wikimedia Commons Carbonara
Carbonara is an Italian pasta dish from Latium,[1] and more specifically to Rome,[2] based on eggs, cheese (Pecorino Romano or Parmigiano-Reggiano),[1] bacon (guanciale or pancetta), and black pepper. Spaghetti is usually used as the pasta, however, fettuccine, rigatoni, or bucatini can also be used. The dish was created in the middle of the 20th century.[3]
The pork is cooked in fat, which may be olive oil, lard, or less frequently butter.[4] The hot pasta is combined with a mixture of raw eggs, cheese, and a fat (butter, olive oil, or cream)[2] away from additional direct heat to avoid coagulating the egg, either in the pasta pot or in a serving dish. The eggs should create a creamy sauce, and not curdle.[1][3][4][5] Guanciale is the most commonly used meat in Italy, but pancetta[6][7] and local bacon are also used.[8][9] Versions of this recipe may differ in how the egg is added: some people use the whole egg, while other people use only the yolk; intermediate versions with some whole eggs and some yolk[10] are also possible.
Cream is not common in Italian recipes, but is often used elsewhere.[8][9][11][12] Garlic is similarly found mostly outside Italy.[4]
Other variations on carbonara outside Italy may include peas, broccoli, mushrooms, or other vegetables.[11] Many of these preparations have more sauce than the Italian versions.[13] As with many other dishes, ersatz versionsdevelopment, and general services to their members. The chambers were given responsibilities of public administration in various fie
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
